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Different Parts of a Circular Knitting Machine and Their Functions With Figure

Knitted Product is one of the highest demand products in the world. For bulk production, different apparel manufacturing companies produce raw fabric for the final knitted garments by various kinds of knitting machines. Among all other knitting machines widely used machine is a circular knitting machine. As a student of textile engineer, fashion designing, IPE (Industrial & Production Engineering) or an employee of Textile or RMG (Ready Made Garments) sector anyone should know the different parts of a knitting machine and their functions.
This article will show important parts of a circular knitting machine and its function with the picture.
Figure: Single Jersey Circular Knitting Machine


Main Parts of a Circular Knitting Machine are:
Creel: Creel is a vertical aluminum stick where creel is placed for holding the yarn cone. It also known as side creel.

Figure: Creel and Cone Holder

Cone Holder: Cone holder is an inclined metallic stick where yarn cone is placed for feeding the yarn to the feeder easily. It is also known as cone carrier.


Aluminum Telescopic Tube: This is the tube through which yarn is passed. It reaches the yarn to the memminger positive feeder. It works as a yarn cover. It protects the yarn from the excessive friction, dust and fly fiber.
Figure: Aluminum Telescopic Tube

MPF Device: MPF means Memminger Positive Feed. It receives yarn from aluminum telescopic tube. As this device gives a positive feed of yarn to the needles, so it is called Memminger Positive Feed device. MPF provides uniform tension to yarn, reduces machine stoppage, identify and remove yarn knot and give a signal if yarn breaks.

Figure: Memminger Positive Feeder

Winding Wheel & Driven Pulley: Some yarn is rolled on the winding wheel so that if the yarn is torn off, the whole yarn does not need to be replaced again. Driven Pulley controls the speed of MPF.


Yarn Tensioner: Yarn tensioner is a device that ensures the appropriate gripping of yarn.

Stopper: Stopper is a part of MPF. Yarn is passed through the stopper and it is connected with the sensor. If yarn breaks, then stopper gets upwards and the sensor receives a signal to stop the machine. At the same time, a light also flashes. Generally, a stopper is two types. Top stopper and bottom stopper.
 
Sensor: The sensor is located at MPF. If anyone of the stoppers gets upwards due to the breakage of yarn, the sensor automatically receives signal and stops the machine.

Lycra Attachment Device: Lycra yarn is feed by the following device.
Figure: Lycra Attachment Device

Yarn Guide: Yarn guide receive yarn from the MPF. It is used to guide the yarn and sent yarn to the feeder guide. It maintains the smooth tension on the yarn. 


Figure: Yarn Guide and Feeder Guide

Feeder Guide: Feeder guide receive yarn from yarn guide and feed yarn to the needle. It is the last device which releases yarn to the knit fabric.


Feeder Ring: This is a circular ring which holds all the feeder guide.


Figure: Feeder Ring

Needle: Needle is the master part of the knitting machine. Needle receive yarn from the feeder, create a loop as well as release old loop and finally produce the fabric.

Figure: Knitting Machine Needle

VDQ Pulley: VDQ means Variable Dia for Quality. As this pulley controls the quality of knitted fabric by adjusting GSM & stitch length during the knitting process, so it is called VDQ pulley. To increase the fabric GSM the pulley is moved towards the positive direction and to decrease the fabric GSM the pulley is moved towards the reverse direction. This pulley also called quality adjustment pulley (QAP) or Quality adjustment Disk (QAD).


Figure: VDQ Pulley and VDQ Belt

Pulley Belt: Pulley belt gives the motion to pulley

Cam: Cam is the device which converts the rotary motion into a definite reciprocating motion for the needles and some other devices.

Figure: Different kinds of CAM
Cam Box: Cam box holds and supports cam. Knit, truck and miss cam are arranged horizontally according to fabric design in the cam box.

Figure: CAM Box
Sinker: Sinker is another master part of the knitting machine. It supports yarn to form the desired loop. Sinker is located at each and every gap of the needle.


Sinker Box: Sinker box holds and supports the sinker.

Figure: Sinker Box
Sinker Ring: This is a circular ring which holds all sinker box

Cylinder: Cylinder is another master part of the knitting machine. Cylinder adjustment is one of the most important technical work. The cylinder holds and carries needle, cam box, sinker, etc.

Body: The body of the knitting machine covers the whole area of the machine. It holds base plate, cylinder, etc.
Figure: Knitting Machine Body
Base Plate: Base plate is a plate that holds the cylinder. It located on the machine body.
Figure: Base Plate

Air Blow Gun: A device connected with high-velocity pressurized air. It blows air to feed the yarn through the aluminum tube. It also used for cleaning purposes.

Figure: Air Blow Gun

Automatic Needle Detector: A device placed very close to the needle sets. It gives a signal if it found any broken o damaged needle. 

Figure: Automatic Needle Detector
Fabric Detector: If fabric torn off or fall down from the machine, fabric detector touch the cylinder and the machine becomes stopped. It also called fabric fault detector.

Figure: Fabric Detector
Adjustable Fan: Generally two sets of running fans are continuously circulated from the center of machine dia. These fans are faced with the needle points that remove dust, hairy fiber as well as keep needle cool. Adjustable fans are rotated in the opposite motion of the cylinder.

Figure: Adjustable Fans

Lubricating Tube: This tube supplies lubricants to the cam box, sincar box to remove excessive friction and heat. Lubricants are sent through the tube with the help of an air compressor.
Figure: Lubricating Tube
Manual Jig: It is attached with the machine body. It used to adjust needle, sinker, etc. manually.

Figure: Manual Jig and Gate
Gate: Gate is situated under the machine bed. It keeps covered the knitted fabric, take-down motion rollers, and winding rollers.


Spreader: Spreader is situated below the machine body. It receives fabric from the needle, spreads fabric and ensures uniform fabric tension. The spreader is adjusted as the fabric is open type or tube type. 

Figure: Spreader

Take-Down Motion Rollers: These rollers are situated just under the spreader. They pull fabric from the spreader, grip fabric firmly and take fabric down. These rollers also called fabric withdraw rollers.

Figure: Take-Down Motion Rollers

Winding Roller: This roller is situated just under the take-down motion rollers. It rolled the fabric itself. When this roller becomes bigger by the fabric layer it also moves upward.
Figure: Winding Roller
In brief , this is the description of a single jersey circular knitting machine.

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11 Comments

  1. Its very informative and detailed. thanks

    ReplyDelete
  2. Great resource on circular knitting machine. It helps me lot. Thanks.

    ReplyDelete
  3. Great job! What a post... Very informative for me!

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  4. great job & thank you your support.

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  5. Brother, if we want to increase the fabric gsm then vdq pulley has to be moved in reverse direction and to decrease fabric gsm the vdq pulley in positive direction
    Plz correct the line

    ReplyDelete
  6. Very nice post. Please write many more like this. Thanks

    ReplyDelete
  7. very excellent thanks.

    ReplyDelete